Past Shohet Recipients

Shohet Scholars: Creating Connections and Inspiring Results

The International Catacomb Society began in Boston in 1980 as an ecumenical and interfaith network of individuals passionate about the preservation of ancient Jewish and Early Christian material remains in countries around the Mediterranean. In the ensuing decades, ICS has become a major financial contributor through its Shohet Scholars Grant Program to current research in these sites. Funding for the Shohet Scholarship is made possible in part by generous contributions from our donors.

Shohet Scholar grant recipients have excavated catacombs in Tunisia and Sicily, ancient Greek tombs in Corinth, shipwrecks in Turkey, and a venerated crypt in Cana, Galilee; they have analyzed and preserved unique ancient wall paintings in Egypt and recovered traces of polychromy on the ancient reliefs of Jewish Temple instruments decorating the Arch of Titus in Rome; they have tracked down rare material evidence of Late Antique religious practices outside the walls of churches, temples, and synagogues, and have documented how the fashions of the times reflected key attitudes toward education, philosophy, and status. And these are only a few of the dynamic and innovative projects carried out and reported on with ICS support.  A complete project list is below.

Past Shohet Recipients

2023

Caitlin Barrett (Cornell University): Modeling Space and Experience at Pompeii: The Casa della Regina Carolina (CRC).

The Casa della Regina Carolina (CRC) Project at Pompeii uses excavation, survey, and digital mapping to ask how Roman houses shaped their inhabitants’ lived experiences. Following our fourth excavation season in June–July 2023, we will employ integrated 3D-GIS and virtual modeling to investigate what types of behaviors and social performances this house afforded to people with different bodies and backgrounds. This project explores the impact and agency of domestic material culture in order to understand some of the most profoundly human aspects of life at Pompeii: the embodied daily experiences, activities, and sensations that actually constituted people’s lives.

Gregg Gardner (University of British Columbia) and Orit Peleg-Barkat (Hebrew University): “Rural Roman Judea Above and Below Ground: The Horvat Midras (Israel) Excavation Project”.

This project enhances our understanding of rural Roman Judea through excavation and ground penetrating radar analysis of above ground and underground installations at Horvat Midras (Israel). With domestic and industrial structures, a Roman temple, burials, ritual baths, subterranean hiding complexes, and domestic quarters, the village provides sources on population transformation, migration, and ethnic religious groups (Idumeans, Jews, Roman polytheists), during an era of Roman imperialism, Jewish revolts, and the development of Judaism and Christianity. We interpret the finds with contemporaneous archaeology and literature, requiring collaboration between a Roman archaeologist (Peleg-Barkat) and early religion scholar (Gardner) – co-directors of the project since 2018.

Alex Walthall (University of Texas at Austin): “The Morgantina Agora Valley Project: Excavating Morgantina’s Missing Centuries”.

The Agora Valley Project (AVP) is a multi-year excavation and research project designed to measure shifting social and cultural dynamics at the ancient Greek city of Morgantina during the first two and a half centuries of Roman rule on Sicily (ca. 200 BCE–50 CE). The focus of excavations is a large open-air complex (ca. 1,000 m2 ), known as the Southwest Temenos, which was constructed in the city’s lower agora during the 2nd century BCE. This temenos appears to have been a site of religious activity with cult worship possibly directed to the goddess Isis. Given the date, location, and possible function of the Southwest Temenos, the AVP excavations offer new vantage points for viewing the social, cultural, and economic dynamics of life in the city under Roman rule.

Shana O’Connell (Howard University): “Paintings for the Departed in the Rock-cut tombs at the ancient city of Blaundos (Uşak Province, Turkey)”.

Inside of thirty rock-cut tombs dating from the second through fourth centuries CE are wall paintings that were made for elite residents of the ancient city of Blaundos in Western Turkey. From the Hellenistic through Roman periods this thriving city had a theater, public bath, two temples, aqueducts, and 400 tombs cut into surrounding canyons. The tomb paintings depict garlands, grapevines, roses, birds, gorgons, Hermes, and Aphrodite and her erotes. The aim of this project is to publish the tomb paintings’ iconography and report on the pigments and techniques artists used to create these images for the deceased.

2022

Jennifer Barry (University of Mary Washington)
Project: Unfolding the Theotokos

"The proposed research project examines how the debates associated with the virginal status of the Theotokos overlap with the larger discourse of gender-based violence. I argue that this discourse gave life to both the literary and material representations of Mary’s reproductive body. More specifically, this study examines how art and text overlap in the depictions of the vaginal folds, hymen, and womb of the virgin preserved on the walls of the Chora Church (Kariye Camii) in Istanbul. With the support of the Shohet Scholar Program, I plan to complete the final research for chapter two of my second monograph during the fall semester of 2022. In the chapter titled, “Unfolding the Theotokos,” I will explore the literary thought-world that set the standard for how the Virgin Mary’s reproductive body was envisioned in the apocryphal texts of the third and fourth centuries and then became the source of anxiety of later Christological controversies. These discourses gave life to the visual representations of Mary’s body. Here, I will assess various mosaics that focus on Mary’s reproductive body. More specifically, I plan to examine how art and text overlap in the depictions of the vaginal folds, hymen, and womb of the virgin preserved on the walls of Kariye Camii." (View Final Report)

Rachel Catherine Patt (Emory University)
Project: Pothos: Longing from Classical Portrait Image to Byzantine Icon

"With a grant from the International Catacomb Society, I will be positioned to conduct all
the necessary new research to expand my dissertation successfully into my proposed book
project, Pothos: Longing from Classical Portrait Image to Byzantine Icon. The book examines the trajectory of Late Antique portraiture as sculpted formats waned, small-scale and precious formats persisted, and eventually secular imagery gave way to icons. I contend that throughout such transformations, the conceptual heritage of pothos, or a longing desire for that which is absent, remains crucial to these images’ interpretation. In doing so, the project generates a more comprehensive understanding of cross-Mediterranean visual trends that transcend one chronological period.  In order to advance this project, I will rely on my training in Classical and Byzantine art history and propose to spend a significant portion of 2023 in Europe conducting new objects-based research and working firsthand with collections of Late Antique and Byzantine portraits and icons." (View Final Report)

2021

Chris Stantis (Research Fellow, National Museum of Natural History) and Kevin Salesse (Université Libre de Bruxelles)
Project: Awakening the Dead: Approaching the Social Fabric of Pompeii through Mobility and Funerary Customs using Molecular Bioarchaeology
This project seeks to shed new light on the social fabric of Pompeii through the mobility dynamics and funerary practices of its inhabitants from a longue durée perspective by analyzing 238 human skeletons. (View Final Report)

J. Gregory Given (Independent Scholar)
Project: Open Letters: Ignatius of Antioch and the Reconstruction of Early Christianity
An analysis of the letters of Ignatius of Antioch that argues they are best interpreted as an “open text” and outlines the larger implications for Early Christian Studies, Classics and other related fields. (View Final Report)                                                                                                                    

Rebecca Harris (Assistant Professor, Messiah University)
Project: Living in the Liminal: The Present as a Place of Access in Qumran Literature
Applying theories of liminality to the archaeology and literature of the Qumran community, this study demonstrates how Qumran group identity and ritual-liturgical practice cultivated a sense of present communion with divine beings and offered the worshiper assurance of future incorporation into the heavenly realm. This project brings together the study of texts and archaeology with theory. (View Final Report)

2020
Davide Tanasi, University of South Florida (Department of History)
Project: The Digital afterlife of the Catacombs of Abbatija tad-Dejr at Rabat (Malta)

The research aims at the reappraisal through the application of 3-D Scanning, Remote Sensing and 3-D Visualization of the multifaceted Maltese catacomb complex of Abbatija tad-Dejr, whose occupation phases range from Late Roman to Late Medieval period. The site is currently inaccessible and in derelict state, and has not been subject to any excavation or new interpretative study since the 1930s. The production of a 3D model combined with a spatial analysis will produce an updated technical documentation necessary to characterize it. An interactive virtual replica of the complex and all it iconographic features will be made accessible on a web platform for public enjoyment.

Joan Breton Connolly (New York University), and Monika Więch (Institute of Mediterranean and Oriental Cultures, Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Classical Mediterranean Cultures)
Project: Yeronisos – Meletis Necropolis Project, Peyia-Paphos District, Cyprus

The dozen spectacular rock-cut chamber tombs of the small cemetery of Meletis at Agios Georgios tis Pegeias near Paphos in Cyprus had been thought to be fully looted long ago. But the discovery in 2018 of a thirteenth tomb will forever change our understanding of burial practices within a wealthy sector of the local community during late Hellenistic through Roman times. This project calls for excavation, documentation, preservation, and publication of a family tomb established in the 1st century B.C.E. under Ptolemaic Egyptian influence and continuing in use until the 5–6th century C.E. Investigation of this unique sepulcher provides a rare opportunity for us to understand better the social and cultural history of rock-cut tombs in Cyprus and across the Mediterranean world.

2019
Lily Vuong (Central Washington University)
Project: The Apocryphal Mary in Text, Pictorial Art, and Iconography
This project examines the ways in which Marian Apocryphal material culture (mosaics, sculptures, ivory carvings, book covers, illuminated manuscripts, physical space of churches, etc.) were used to reinforce early Christian devotion, faith, and piety. At the same time, it also aims to explore the reciprocal relationship between text and art, and how early Christian identities shaped by Marian apocryphal literature intersected with the identities of those who valued Marian material culture as a necessary component to their religious lives.

Kevin McGinnis (Stonehill College)
Project: Does a Priestly People Have Priests? Early Christian Leadership in its Polytheistic Context       The research funded by this grant will contribute greatly to an analysis of how Christians came to represent their ecclesiastical leaders as priests from the third to sixth centuries C.E. The standard narrative of how the priesthood developed starts with the period of the Jesus movement and proceeds rather uncritically from there. This narrative has largely determined how early Christian art has been interpreted. This project will counter that narrative, in part through a comparison of Christian and Roman depictions of religious leaders. The ultimate goal is to show how, when, and why Christians appropriated the title ‘priest’.

Joan Breton Connolly (New York University)
Project: Yeronisos – Meletis Necropolis Project, Peyia-Paphos District, Cyprus
This project calls for systematic excavation, documentation, preservation, and publication of a newly discovered rock-cut tomb at the Meletis Necropolis, southwestern Cyprus. Preliminary investigation suggests a family tomb established in the second century BCE under Ptolemaic Egyptian influence, continuing in use through Late Roman times. The tomb preserves a prime example of monumental funerary culture in Hellenistic Cyprus, Ptolemaic influence in the Paphian countryside, and the evolution of Alexandrian funerary display strategies into Roman times. Investigation of this unique sepulcher provides a vital first step in writing a comprehensive social and cultural history of Hellenistic/Roman rock-cut tombs in Cyprus and across the Mediterranean.

2018
Michael Flexsenhar (Rhodes College, Religious Studies)
Project: Jewish Imperial Life in Ancient Rome: The Agrippesioi and Augustesioi Synagogues

Flexsenhar’s project investigates the Agrippesioi and Augustesioi synagogues, which on the basis of their names are usually dated to the first-century CE and connected with slaves of Marcus Agrippa and the emperor Augustus. A collection of epigraphic and topographic evidence for the other synagogues of ancient Rome and for cult buildings of other ancient minority groups, including Christians and followers of Isis, tends to show that cult buildings were named on the basis of topography rather than of founders’ names. A broad collection of data will place the development of these two synagogues in the third- and fourth-century and locate them in the local Roman topography. It will also articulate more precisely the history of Jews in Rome and elucidate more critically the intersections of slavery, ethnicity, and religion in the imperial capital.

Justin Leidwanger (Stanford University, Classics)
Project: The Marzamemi “Church Wreck”

Investigations of the Marzamemi “church wreck” off the coast of Sicily seek to explore the religious, economic, and political context of this famous 6th-century cargo of prefabricated church architecture. Building on fieldwork since 2013, we aim now 1) to excavate a new sector of the site that can reveal clues to the ship, crew, and cultural context, and 2) to undertake 3D recording and analysis of the monumental architectural elements. These efforts will offer a rare window into the roles of high commerce, mundane exchange, local religious patronage, and imperial ideology in tying together the Mediterranean during the twilight of ancient maritime connectivity.

Lindsey Mazurek (Bucknell University, Classics & Ancient Mediterranean Studies)
Project: Mapping Religious Communities Across the Ancient Mediterranean - The Ostia Connectivity Project

This project examines the social ties that defined religious associations at Roman Ostia through a digital humanities approach. The Ostia Connectivity Project (OCP) uses data analysis and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) mapping technology to consider how religious communities embedded themselves in the social networks of ancient Rome’s port complex at Ostia. Utilizing an archive of over 6,500 inscriptions and newly published graffiti, OCP charts the complex layers of relations that facilitated connectivity between religious groups, and sites. Through this approach, OCP can visualize the different scales of complexity that connect the local with the global, allowing us to account for the work that each relation does in making religious connectivity possible across the ancient Mediterranean.

2017
Lindsey Mazurek (Memorial University, Newfoundland, Canada):
Project: “Mapping Religious Communities Across the Ancient Mediterranean: The Ostian Connectivity Project.”
This project examines the social ties that defined religious associations at Roman Ostia by charting the complex layers of relations that facilitated the movement of goods, people, and ideas in and out of Rome's port. By examining inscriptions related to Jewish, early Christian, Isiac, and Mithraic communities with social network analysis and GIS data, Dr. Mazurek’s research offers new social and spatial information about how religions were practiced under the Roman Empire. The Shohet Scholars grant will fund Dr. Mazurek’s first season of field research, which will include database expansion and digital mapping.

Ilenia Gradante (Römisches Institut der Goerres-Gesellschaft) and Davide Tanasi (University of South Florida):
Project: “Languages, formulas and identities in the Christian community of Syracuse in Sicily: the case of the Catacombs of S. Giovanni.”
The San Giovanni Catacombs are an impressive example of a Late Antiquity communal cemetery. Epigraphic formulas, linguistic choices and onomastic data prove that the local ruling class, clergymen and foreigners, preferred this cemetery: it was a society still influenced by classical reminiscences and yet able to express consciously its devotion to the new creed, on the basis of different ethnic and cultural backgrounds. The aim of the project is the systematic review and 3D digitization of published and unpublished epigraphic material from the cemetery, offering the first comprehensive survey of this community, published in an open access digital format.

Robert Tykot (University of South Florida) and Andrea Vianello (Independent Researcher):
Project: “Mobility in north-eastern Italy between the Late Roman and Byzantine periods: the view from stable isotopes.”
This ambitious and interdisciplinary research will carry out strontium isotope analyses for the first time on Late Roman and Byzantine individuals buried in southern Veneto and Emilia-Romagna in Italy to investigate the mobility of these ancient people at a time of great changes and migratory movements. The research will reveal social mobility in Veneto and Emilia-Romagna, the effective impact of Late Antiquity migrations across the region and provide the strongest clue yet on who founded Venice and who lived in the Byzantine Empire of Ravenna.

2016
Nathaniel DesRosiers (Stonehill College)
"Aphrodisias: City of the Gods"

This study will examine the religious life of the ancient Roman city of Aphrodisias. The project focuses on the ways that diverse religious groups, including the Greeks, Romans, Jews, and Christians, interacted within an urban environment, often adapting their beliefs, architecture, and religious practices as a result of such contact. Although other cities in the Greek-speaking east faced similar challenges, Aphrodisias is striking because it provides compelling evidence demonstrating how these diverse cultures competed with one another through art, architecture, and public donations, resulting in unique and innovative forms of religious expression found only in Aphrodisias.

Sarah Madole (City University of New York)
"New Perspectives on Mythological Sarcophagi and Subterranean Rome"

Mythological sarcophagi found in subterranean Rome have long been disassociated from their archaeological and cultic contexts due to the fragmented record and disciplinary agendas. The mythological sarcophagus catalogue remains incomplete, and a contextual study of the sub-group found beneath Rome is lacking in recent scholarship. The collation and study of this often-fragmentary material has rich potential and further, will contribute to recent studies on myth and meaning, and the sarcophagus industry in late imperial Rome.

Jodi Magness (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill)
“The Huqoq Excavation Project”

Huqoq is an ancient Jewish village located approximately three miles west of Capernaum and Migdal (Magdala) in the Galilee of Israel.  A consortium of universities, led by Dr. Jodi Magness, has completed five seasons of excavations. This fifth season of excavation has revealed further portions of a mosaic floor that decorated a Late Roman – Byzantine (fifth century C.E.) synagogue.  The mosaics uncovered in 2013 include a scene of Samson carrying the gate of Gaza upon his back (Judges 16:3), a grouping of men who surround a central figure under an arcade, and a battle scene or triumphal parade with elephants.  In 2014, the remainder of the scene containing elephants was brought to light.  For site reports and other documentation of the Huqoq Excavation, visit: http://huqoqexcavationproject.org/.

Daniel Ullucci (Rhodes College)
“Evidence of Physical Offerings by Christians in Roman Funerary Contexts”

This research seeks to demonstrate that current models of Christian origins are warped by a positivist attitude regarding the scope and influence of religious experts and their texts. There is a growing body of evidence, textual and archaeological, pointing to the continuance of sacrificial practices (physical offerings) in early Christian groups. Most of this evidence is preserved in funerary settings. Reintegrating this evidence will give a clearer picture of early Christian development. It will also help to show the various ways in which the everyday practices of the majority of ancient Christians did and did not correspond to the theological formulations of Christian experts.

2015
Elizabeth S. Bolman, (Temple University)
Publishing Late Roman Paintings

Bolman has directed a project that recovered magnificent secco paintings in the Red and White Monasteries near Sohag in Egypt.  She also gave a Shohet Memorial lecture at the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston on the subject in 2013. A 3-D virtual tour of the monastery is at this link.

Steven Fine, (Yeshiva University)
The Arch of Titus Project

Fine contextualizes this monument, which has been and continues to be contentious in the history of Judaism and Western culture. He is also directing high-tech digital reconstructions of the polychromy of the menorah panel on the arch. Websites for the Arch of Titus Digital Restoration Project and Coursera series, "The Arch of Titus.  Rome and the Menorah."

Rosa Maria Motta (Christopher Newport University) and Davide Tanasi (Arcadia University)
Burial Practices and Funerary Rituals between the Late Roman and Early Medieval Periods in the Catacombs of St. Lucy in Syracuse (Sicily)

This project investigates the transformation of cemeterial spaces into cult places for religious practices relating to the worship of the holy relics of St. Lucy and of other holy men and women buried in the catacombs.  Press: http://studyabroad.arcadia.edu/about-us/news-publications/details/student-published-in-scholarly-journal/  and http://facultynews.cnu.edu/2015/04/archaeologist-motta-wins-catacomb-society-grant-publishes-book/

Robert Tykot (University of Southern Florida) and Kevin Salesse (Université de Bordeaux)
Quantifying the Roman diet: improving the accuracy and precision of paleodietary reconstructions by isotopic analysis

This project investigates dietary composition and variation of the ancient imperial-period Roman diet through isotopic analyses of both human and faunal remains from the catacomb of Santi Marcellino e Pietro (Rome, Lazio, central Italy) and other Italian sites.

2014
No grants were awarded in 2014.

2013
Lee M. Jefferson and Thomas McCollough (Centre College)
The Christian Veneration Complex at Khirbet Qana

Literary evidence from Christian pilgrims from the sixth century and continuing through the medieval era pointed to Khirbet Qana as the biblical Cana of Galilee. Our initial surveys of Khirbet Qana revealed plentiful evidence of human activity, particularly in Late Antiquity. The veneration cave complex that was unearthed includes material evidence that could illuminate how this complex functioned in relation to neighboring Sepphoris as well as Jerusalem. This project intends to further examin the cave complex, including the iconography and the material evidence. Khirbet Qana offers a research opportunity that holds great promise for exploring the architectural, artistic, economic, and political impact of Christian pilgrimage on Galilee in Late Antiquity and beyond.
Press on the excavations: M. Smith, "Grant gives Centre professor and his Indiana Jones-style adventure in Israel additional life" - KY Forward, July 3, 2013.

2012
Arthur Urbano (Providence College)
Wisdom Made Visible: Iconography and the Fashioning of Philosophical Culture in Late Antiquity

This project is a study of the role of art and portraiture in the fashioning of late ancient philosophical culture. Through analysis of early Christian images that employ philosophical and pedagogical themes and symbols in funerary, domestic, and liturgical settings, I examine how Christian art employed, adapted, and innovated the conventions of Roman art as a mode of competition and participation in larger cultural debates surrounding education, philosophy, and status. I employ an interdisciplinary analysis that considers iconography in tandem with ancient texts and engages scholarship in the fields of religion, art history, classics, and cultural theory.  The results of A. Urbano's research are now published in: “Sizing-Up the Philosopher's Cloak: Christian Verbal and Visual Representations of the Tribon,” in Dressing Judeans and Christians in Antiquity, eds. Kristi Upson-Saia, Carly Daniel-Hughes, Alicia J. Batten. Farnham: Ashgate, 2014 and "Fashioning_Witnesses_Hebrews_and_Jews_in_Early_Christian_Art" in A Most Reliable Witness: Essays in Honor of Ross Shepard Kraemer, Susan Ashbrook Harvey, Nathaniel P. DesRosiers, Shira L. Lander,  Jacqueline Z. Pastis & Daniel Ullucci, eds., Brown Judaic Studies, 358, Providence, 2015.

2011
Nicola Denzey Lewis (Brown University)
Catacomb Religion: Uncovering Ordinary Christianity in the Centuries Before and After Constantine

What did it mean to be "Christian" in the centuries before and after Constantine, in the city of Rome? A proposed book, Catacomb Religion: Uncovering Ordinary Christianity in the Centuries Before and After Constantine will present groundbreaking new research and a transdisciplinary approah to illuminate this question. Eschewing exclusively literary sources for reconstructing the concerns and activities of ordinary Christian men and women, this project involves a close examination of visual, material, and archaeological evidence from the Roman catacombs to construct a new history of Christian everyday life during the turbulent era of Christianization.  In addition to the monograph in preparation, Denzey Lewis' research on this topic is addressed in the publications: “Popular Christianity and Lived Religion in Late Antique Rome: Seeing Magic in the Catacombs,” in Locating Popular Culture in the Ancient World (ed. Lucy Grig. London: Cambridge University Press, forthcoming 2015), and “Reinterpreting ‘Pagans’ and ‘Christians’ from Rome’s Late Antique Mortuary Evidence,” in Pagans and Christians in Fourth-Century Rome (eds. Michele Salzman and Marianne Saghy. London: Cambridge University Press, 2015).

2011
Karen C. Britt
Eudokia: Byzantine Palestine Hath No Patron Like an Empress Scorned

The proposed project forms the research for a book manuscript that investigates the patronage of the fifth-century empress Eudokia, who spent the last twenty years of her life in Palestine, and its influence upon the many benefactions of prosperous women who lived in the region from the fifth through the seventh centuries. The imperial women of the Theodosian courts established themselves as important patrons in Constantinople as well as in the provinces. The multifaceted role played by imperial women in the Christianization of the urban space of the capital provided an exemplum for emulation by elite and prosperous non-elite women. This project examines female imperial patronage during the fourth and fifth centuries in order to determine how empresses employed their prestige and resources to create carefully constructed places for themselves in society. Using the example of imperial patronage, the next stage of the project explores how nonelite women in the provinces of Palestine and Arabia employed their donations to frame their identities, in a highly self-conscious manner, and to negotiate gender and status.

2010
No grants were awarded in 2010.

2009
Deborah Carlson (Texas A&M University)
Between Quarry and Quay: The Shipwreck at Kizilburun, Turkey

Since 2005, Deborah Carlson has been directing the excavation of a marble cargo shipwrecked off the Turkish coast in the first century B.C.E. Annual campaigns to the site have yielded over 2,000 artifacts, including ceramic shipping containers, lamps, figurines, anchors, and ritual basins and altar tables of marble, quarried on the island of Proconnesos in the Sea of Marmara. In 2008, Carlson's research determined that the ship's principal cargo--a single monumental column carved up into eight drums and capital--was destined for the Temple of Apollo at Claros. This project involves a return to the site in 2009 to complete the excavation, reported in D. N. Carlson and W. Aylward, “The Kızılburun Shipwreck and the Temple of Apollo at Claros,” American Journal of Archaeology 114.1 (2010) 145-159.

2008
John R. Levison and Jörg Frey (Seattle Pacific University)
The Historical Roots of Early Christian Pneumatology

This research project will launch five interdisciplinary research teams to answer an indispensable question about the origins of early Christian pneumatology: What are the historical roots—Greco-Roman and Jewish—of early Christian claims to the holy spirit? Each team will pair a classicist or scholar of Judaica with an expert in early Christianity, and each team will provide a unique opportunity for the mentoring of a selected junior scholar. The research outcomes will be stunning: lifelong mentor-protégé relationships, a permanent web site devoted to inspiration in Antiquity (http://www.christianpneumatology.com), an international symposium streamed on ITunes U, and a published volume of interdisciplinary articles on the historical roots of early Christian pneumatology.  Publications inspired by the project include: J. Levison, Inspired: The Holy Spirit and the Mind of Faith (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2013), and "The Holy Spirit, Inspiration, and the Cultures of Antiquity: Multidisciplinary Perspectives," in Ekstasis: Religious Experience from Antiquity to the Middle Ages 5 (eds. Jörg Frey, John R. Levison. Berlin/Boston: De Gruyter, 2014).  For additional information: http://johnrlevison.com.

2007
Susan Stevens (Randolph College)
Excavation and Analysis of an Underground Christian Burial Complex at Lamta (Tunisia) second season

The Christian complex consists of a building 5 m underground, used for burials in the 4th through 6th centuries A.D., attached to catacomb tunnels untouched since antiquity. The intact tombs of the building and tunnels are ideal for exploring the traditions and social structures of one Christian community through its burial practices. Information comes both from the many beautiful mosaic markers of the tombs, including inscriptions and even portraits of the deceased, and from the osteological remains. Since the underground complex was part of a larger 2nd-6th century cemetery, its Christian identity can be understood as part of the tapestry of Roman burial practices.

2007
Alice Christ (University of Kentucky) and Janet Tulloch (Carleton College)
Ways of Seeing in Late Antique Material Culture

This project is an interdisciplinary symposium on ways of religious seeing in late antique material culture. An international group of scholars from a range of disciplines including archaeology, art history, biblical studies, classics, history, Jewish studies, psychology, and religious studies will participate. participants' fields of expertise include ancient Near Eastern, Roman Imperial, early Christian and Byzantine, Hebrew, Syriac texts, art, artifacts, and archaeology. They will bring international training and experience to what Anthony Cutler has described "is the most important single aspect of Late Antique studies today."  A program for the symposium at the University of Kentucky in 2008 is at the link: http://archives.catacombsociety.org/ChristTulloch.html.
Conference participants: David Morgan, Sheena Rogers, Brent Plate, Patricia Cox Miller, Daria Pezzoli-Olgiati, James Francis, Roger Beck, Janet H. Tulloch, Linda Jones Hall, Anthony Cutler, Linda Wheatley-Irving, Rachel Neis, Giselle de Nie, Laura Nasrallah, Todd Penner, Daniel Sarefield, Nicola Denzey Lewis, Sharon Salvadori, Barbette Spaeth, Linda A Fuchs, Karen Britt, John Wortley, Caroline Downing, Steven Fine, Hallie Meredith-Goymour, and Kevin Uhalde.

2006
Susan Stevens (Randolph College)
Excavation of a Catacomb Church at Lamta (Tunisia)

The Christian church and burial complex at Lamta (Tunisia) is a well-preserved site sealed 5 m underground, though it is increasingly threatened by the construction of modern houses around and over it. Since the complex, probably of the 4th-5th century A.D., is connected to catacombs and hypogaea as well as a 3rd-century-A.D. Roman surface cemetery, it stands at an interface of Roman and Christian burial practice. The excavation of the site will produce new inscriptions from tomb mosaics and is likely to uncover the raison d'etre of a whole new catacomb complex. Unlike the catacombs in Rome, Carthage, and Sousse, those underlying Lamta are largely undisturbed.  Published reports on the project include: "Preliminary Report on Excavations of a Catacomb Church at Lamta, Tunisia, 8 May–16 June 2006: Dharet Slama Site 304, Leptiminus Archaeological Project" (http://www.doaks.org/research/byzantine/project-grant-reports/2006-2007/stevens) and Nejib Ben Lazreg, Susan Stevens, Lea Stirling and Jennifer Moore, "Roman and Early Christian burial complex at Leptiminus (Lamta): second notice," Journal of Roman Archaeology 19 (2006) 347-368.

2005
Joseph L. Rife (Vanderbilt University)
Death, Social Structure, and Religion in the Provincial Landscape: The Roman Cemetery at Corinthian Kenchreai, Greece

This project is the final phase of archaeological field research and study of a major Roman cemetery at Kenchreai, eastern port of Corinth, Greece. Through the examination of wall painting, inscriptions, architecture, and artifacts, funerary rituals and mortuary spaces will be reconstructed in order to understand how the social structure and religious identity of local residents changed over time with the advent of Christianity. This study employs an innovative approach to interpreting ancient cemeteries that can shed light not only on the internal complexity of Mediterranean port communities during the Empire but also on regional variabmpony in the Greek world.  The published report:  Joseph L. Rife, Melissa Moore Morison, Alix Barbet, Richard K. Dunn, Douglas H. Ubelaker and Florence Monier, "Life and Death at a Port in Roman Greece: The Kenchreai Cemetery Project, 2002-2006," in Hesperia: The Journal of the American School of Classical Studies at Athens 76.1 (Jan. - Mar., 2007) 143-181.  The project website is: http://www.kenchreai.org/.

2004
Sharon Salvadori (John Cabot University)
The Early Christian Orant: The Remaking of an Image in Late Antique Rome

The Early Christian Orant: The Remaking of an Image in Late Antique Rome is an iconographic and contextual analysis of the female orant, the single most recurrent image type in early Christian funerary art of Rome. Taking an interdisciplinary approach that incorporates recent research on gendered, religious, social, and political representations in both image and text, the meanings attributed to this figure by contemporary patrons and viewers are reexamined in order to gain a greater understanding of the early Christian funerary context and its complex semantic relationship to late antique art, specifically in the context of the visual construction of gender.
Sharon Salvadori presented a lecture on her project at the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, on November 16, 2005.

2003
Laurie A. Brink, OP (University of Chicago)
Roman Burial and Memorial Practices and Earliest Christianity: Reading Texts and Inscriptions in Context

This project is a two-year interdisciplinary endeavor to investigate, read and interpret inscriptional remains and catacombs in light of early Christian texts. The goals of this project are: to study burial epitaphs and their iconography along with the art work of the catacombs, in order to investigate the particular character and emergence of early Christianity within its various religious and socio-historical contexts; and to foster an environment where scholars talk across the divide of disciplines so as to pave the way for future collaborative efforts among the next generation of scholars. Recognizing that scholars of Roman history, Christian history and the New Testament benefit from interdisciplinary academic research, dialogue and consultation, this project will  include: Rome Working Conference (June 2004)—to include site visits in Rome, its environs, and Tunisia with scholars from a variety of disciplines, and a Shohet Conference on Roman, Jewish and Christian Burials at the University of Chicago Divinity School (May 22–24, 2005; link to program).
Program participants: David Balch, John Bodel, Deborah Green, Amy Hirschfeld, Robin M. Jensen, Margaret M. Mitchell, Carolyn Osiek, Richard Saller, Susan T. Stevens, and Andrew Wallace-Hadrill
The scholars' papers that resulted from this collaborative effort have been published in Commemorating the Dead: Texts and Artifacts in Context, Studies of Roman, Jewish, and Christian Burials (eds. Laurie Brink and Deborah Green. Berlin/New York: De Gruyter, 2008).

2004 Shohet Scholar Tour: Italy and Tunisia (link)

ICS Research Grants awarded prior to the Shohet Scholars Program

2002
Dennis E. Trout (University of Missouri at Columbia)

A study of how the development of the catacombs in the fourth century contributed to the evolution of Rome's urban image in Late Antiquity and translation and commentary of Damasene epigrams in: Damasus of Rome. The Epigraphic Poetry. Oxford: 2015. An extensive listing of Trout's articles on Damasus and other epigraphic texts with links are on ICS BiblioSelect.

2001
Tessa Rajak (University of Reading) and Lucy Grig (University of Edinburgh)
Digitizing Greek and Roman epitaphs.

Preliminary Study of the Jewish Catacombs of the Vigna Randanini, Rome
Preliminary study of a Jewish catacomb in Rome to assess work needed to restore stable microclimate conditions within the site (organized by the land owners, the del Gallo di Roccagiovine).

Photo credit: George Duffield. Prof. Jodi Magness and students on the steps to the Hulda Gates by the Temple Mount in Jerusalem.

 

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